ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความร่วมมือในการใช้ยาในผู้ดูแลเด็กที่มีภาวะภูมิไวเกินของหลอดลม

Abstract

Caregivers’ cooperation in administering inhaled corticosteroids to children with reactive airway disease is crucial for effective disease management in children under 5 years of age. This descriptive correlational study aimed to examine caregivers’ adherence to administration of inhaled corticosteroids to these children and to explore the relationship between caregivers' personal factors, their perceptions of reactive airway disease, and their medication adherence. Methods: The sample consisted of 85 primary caregivers aged 20-60 years, who had been caring for children under 5 years of age with reactive airway disease, for at least 6 months at two private hospitals in Chiang Mai province. Stratified sampling was used between May and June 2024. The research tools included: 1) a personal information questionnaire for caregivers and children with reactive airway disease, 2) a perception questionnaire about reactive airway disease, and 3) a medication adherence questionnaire for children with reactive airway disease. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rho correlation, and eta correlation coefficient. The research show that of the 85 caregivers, 51 (60.00%) demonstrated high medication adherence for children with reactive airway disease (\bar{x} = 32.70, S.D = 7.26). There was a positive correlation between caregivers' income and education level and their adherence to medication regimens for children with reactive airway disease (η = .224, p < .01 and η = .256, p < .01, respectively). Additionally, caregivers' awareness of reactive airway disease showed a moderate positive correlation with their adherence to medication (r = .393, p < .01). Furthermore, age and duration of caregiving were found to have a moderate negative correlation with medication adherence among caregivers of children with reactive airway disease, which was statistically significant (r = -.221, p < .05 and r = -.219, p < .05, respectively). The results show that the findings suggest that socioeconomic factors such as income and education, as well as awareness of the condition, positively impact medication adherence, while older age and longer duration of caregiving may negatively affect it.