ปัจจัยทำนายการปฏิบัติการป้องกันโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ในผู้ป่วยที่มารับบริการที่คลินิกโรคติดเชื้อระบบทางเดินหายใจโรงพยาบาลชุมชน

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that causes infections in patients’ respiratory systems. This predictive research aimed to study the predictive factors of COVID-19 prevention practices among patients attending a respiratory infection clinic in a community hospital. The data was collected from March 2021 to March 2022. The sample (n=347) included patients who received services at a respiratory infection clinic in a community hospital in the southern region, and who were selected using purposive sampling. Research instruments included the Health Belief Questionnaire for COVID-19 and the COVID-19 Prevention Behavior Questionnaire 2019. Both instruments were tested for content validity by 6 experts and the content validity indices of the instruments were 0.97 and 0.82, respectively. The internal consistency of the reliability of each instrument was 0.75 and 0.72, respectively. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results showed that COVID-19 prevention behavior was at a high level (x̅±SD= 102.00 ± 4.93). The perceived risks, the perceived severity of the disease, the perceived benefits of the treatment and prevention, the perceived barriers, and cue to practice action were all at a high level with a mean score and standard deviation of 19.11 (SD±1.87), 44.93 (SD±3.65), 22.36 (SD±1.94), 14.88 (SD±2.17), and 44.37 (SD±3.35), respectively. The perceived benefits of the treatment and prevention (β=.92, p<0.05) and the perceived severity of the disease (β=.36, p<0.05) were the only factors that could predict COVID-19 prevention behavior, and they could explain 52.2% of the variation of prevention behavior. Therefore, development of programs focusing on the perceived benefits of the treatment and prevention and the perceived severity of the disease are the most important and can lead to improving COVID-19 prevention practices among patients attending respiratory infection clinics in community hospitals.