แนวทางในการปรับปรุงกรอบอาคารและหลังคาอาคารผู้ป่วยนอก โรงพยาบาลชุมชนเพื่อลดการใช้พลังงานระบบปรับอากาศและการปล่อยก๊าซเรือนกระจก

Abstract

Outpatient Building in Community Hospital was constructed with a standard plan No.3130, which the Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) and Roof Thermal Transfer Value (RTTV) were not meet the standard criteria regarding to the Building Energy Code, which affects the electricity consumption of the air conditioning system. Therefore, the researcher has studied to solve the problem by Integration between Building Energy Code And life cycle assessment, which takes into account the environmental impact of greenbouse gas emissions based on calculations regarding of Intergovemnmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in terms the production of modified materials and the burden of electricity, air conditioning system in finding measures to improve. There is scope for the study in both the improvement of construction drawings and the finished building where is currently in use by selecting the outpatient building in Doi Saket hospital, Saraphi hospital and Mae Wang hospital. As a case study building. The result showed that the construction design should be improved with the measure of the rate of change that afiects the OTTV the most, It to reduce the proportion of window glass and increase the solid wall area (window to wall ratio, WWR) will cause the building to meet OTTV of Building Energy Code of 30 W / m', representing 35,323.09 kWh / year of air conditioning system electricity consumption. In each direction of building orientation, there is a difference in increasing the solid wall area or reducing the window glass area. The north- facing building will have the lowest greenhouse gas emissions from the renovation active material of 1,555.92 kCo,e.Additionally, the renovation will have a payback period of 0.22 years. As for the construction renovation of the roof, which cannot be taken with the same measures as the building frame because the roof is not glazed After experiments, it was found that insulation with a density of 12kg / m', Thickness 75 mm, which was more dense than other measures, was installed only on the reinforced concrete roof, which is the area that is Make the most of the heat transferred into the building. This makes the building able to reduce the load on the electricity consumption of the air conditioning system 2,390.79 kWh / year or equivalent to 2,390.79 kCo,elyear greenhouse gas emissions: have a payback period of 0.85 years despite the amount of greenbouse gas emissions in the production phase. Most of the material. In addition, roof renovation measures will be applicable to the buildings that have been completed and are currently in operation. But in the envelope of the building, it can't take the same measures as the renovation of construction drawings. Due to structural constraints and the possibility of improvement. Therefore, the researcher changed to consider the secondary variables that affect the heat transfer value, including the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and the total heat transfer coefficient of the solid wall (U.). The result showed that it was found that the installation measures for the gypsum wall to be attached to the original wall, leaving air gaps along with the installation of thermal insulation. This is the measure that has the highest amount of greenhouse gas emissions during material production. But it is the best measure of long-term energy. And when renovating to meet the Building Energy Code for both the building frame and the roof of the outpatient building in Doi Saket Hospital, Saraphi Hospital and Mae Wang Hospital. It will be able to reduce the electricity consumption in air conditioning systems at 7,529.67, 4,677.61 and 4,815.8 kWh/year, respectively, or equivalent to 5,220.32, 3,243.00 and 3,433.04 kCo,e/year greenhouse gas emissions, respectively. In addition, payback periods were 4.85, 5.47 and 7.32 years, respectively. In the next study, life cycle assessments should be considered for all phases of the building's use. In order to draw a clearer conclusion on the impact on the environment. In addition, payback times are 4. 85, 5. 47 and 7.32 years, respectively. For further study in this field, the researchers suggest to consider other factors that affect the environment in overall stages of building life cycle as to attain an obvious breakeven conclusion.