Comparative study of Thai and western cultural values conveyed in problem solving approaches in the fairy tales “Nang Sib-Song” and “Hansel and Gretel”

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare Thai and western cultural values conveyed in problem solving approaches in the fairy tales “Nang Sib-Song” and “Hansel and Gretel.” The study aims to analyze problem solving methods of the main characters in both folk tales. There are several theories and concepts used to analyze the protagonists’ actions: general concept of ideology in children literature, general concept of child socialization, general theories of cultural values, individualism-collectivism values pattern, iceberg model of culture, and general concept of problem solving. The analysis illustrates that cultural values play important parts in the protagonists’ action and problem solving methods. In “Nang Sib-Song” the actions of the main characters portray the collectivistic cultural pattern. In addition, Buddhist teachings about past lives’ sins, merit making, and gratitude are emphasized in the society. On the other hand, problem solving approaches adopted by the main characters in “Hansel and Gretel” reflect western individualism: self-reliance, independent self, and “I” identity. Moreover, the authors’ ideology is detected in both tales.