การยอมรับเทคโนโลยีการใช้อากาศยานไร้คนขับในการพ่นสารเคมีในนาข้าวของเกษตรกรในอำเภอสันกำแพง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The purposes of this research were to analyze factors that affected farmers' acceptance of drone and the attitude of farmers toward perceived attributes of drone for spraying chemicals in paddy fields. The factor analysis was carried out by interview the samples of 240 farmers in San Kamphaeng district, Chiang Mai Province. Divided into a group of 80 drone service users, a group that has never used it but is interested in using a drone service of 80 people, and a group of 80 people who do not use drone services. Using descriptive statistics and Likert Scale to analyze the attitudes toward technology's features, and using Chi-Square statistic to analyze the factors that affected the technology's acceptability. The findings revealed that the attitudes toward properties of technology that affected the acceptance of drone technology of farmers were: relative advantage of drone technology has the highest agree rating. Especially in such a way that drones work faster than human laborers. Secondary is the technology that compatibility. More specifically, compatibility beliefs in technology that drone is appropriate as it can be used in all conditions in the field and support for better pest management. In addition, the opinion of drone technology that can be easily tested has a low score, probably due to farmers having difficulty contacting drone operators, long queues and few drone operators.For the results of factors affected the acceptance of drone technology at a significant level of 0.05 were as follows: personal factor was age and the use of smartphones; economic factors were high rice income and a large rice-growing area; social factors were leadership; getting advice from farmer group leaders /farmer network and physical factor was the number of occurring pests. The target farmer's group of drone operators should be young farmers or under the age of 60, farmers with a large number of rice fields, such as more than 20 rai, earning more than 100,000 baht per time from rice farming, have frequent problems with pests in the rice field and has the status of a leader of a group of farmers or leaders in various fields.For ways to encourage more farmers to provide drone services should be promoted through leading farmers , farmers who farm a lot of land or groups of farmers such as big farm of rice fields, etc. Drone operators should have a simple and convenient communication channel for farmers, demonstrating the benefits of drones in terms of speed of operation, being able to manage pests in time, resulting in more profitable farming. At the same time, drone operators should have enough drones and service teams to sufficient for farmer needs. Drone operators should not keep farmers waiting in long queues.