การใช้กิจกรรมพหุประสาทสัมผัสเพื่อลดพฤติกรรมซ้ำของนักเรียนออทิซึมสเปคตรัมระดับรุนแรง

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to 1) to decrease stereotypic behaviors of a student with severe autism spectrum disorder by using multi-sensory activities 2) to study using arm and hand ability of a student with severe autism spectrum disorder for functional movement in order to work. The case study, selected by purposive sampling, was 10 years old, male, diagnosed by a physician as severe autism spectrum disorder with sensory impairment, studying in primary level at special education school for children with disabilities who has the stereotypic behaviors of tapping fingers on objects in the hand, using objects to hit the other hand, clapping, and staring meaninglessly at the object in the hand while tapping fingers. These behaviors continued within 5 minutes span, repeated more than 35 times in forms of hyperactivity and restlessness. Parents also consented to participate in the research of using the multisensory activities decrease stereotypic behaviors of a student with severe autism spectrum disorder. The instruments that were used in this research included 1) stereotypic behaviors frequency observation in severe spectrum autism students. 2) the multi-sensory activities which consists of 4 Individual Implementation Plans (IIP) 3) an observation form on the abilities of used arms and hands while using the multisensory activities 4) Reinforcement assessment form. The researchers performed 4multisensory activities per week, for 8weeks, resulting in a total of 32 sessions. The data was analyzed with mean, percentage, standard deviation, and descriptive analysis. The results showed that after using multi-sensory activities, the frequency’s stereotypic behaviors of severe autism spectrum decreased. The frequency of stereotypic behaviors before using the multi-sensory learning had a mean frequency of 35.8 times/period and standard deviation is 6.5. After using the multi-sensory learning had a mean frequency of 8.3 times/period and standard deviation is 3.2. In addition, it was found that the score of using arm and hand ability of the case study during 8 weeks of using multisensory activities improved sequentially. The case study clearly improved the ability of using arm and hand in terms of eye – hand coordination, prehension pattern, motor control, bilateral hand use and transfer of objects between hands.