Spectral characteristics and energy transfer in Gd³⁺and Nd³⁺ doped borate glasses for NIR laser applications

Abstract

We report the NIR luminescence of Nd3+-incorporated borate glasses, developed via melt- quenching rout. The change in density, molar volume and refractive index with elevated content of Nd3+ shows glass structural modification. The absorption spectra reveal the most intense band at 582 nm due to the transition from 4I9/2 →4G7/2. At λexc = 582 nm luminescence spectra display peaks resulting from 4F3/2→4IJ (J=11/2, 9/2, 3/2). We extract the Judd-Ofelt (JO) parameters and radiative and laser parameters of the titled glasses. By using their lifetimes and luminescence intensities, we carry out a quantitative investigation of the energy transfer (ET) from Gd to Nd. We also study the ET qualitatively with the help of the energy-level diagram as well as from diminished characteristics Gd emission spectra at λexc = 275 nm and its nature by Dexter and F¨orster method. The compiled results of the glasses confirm their suitability for NIR laser.