The adjustable aiming device for caspar pin insertion in anterior cervical spine surgery

Abstract

Background: Creating a rectangular disc space is an important step during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion or cervical total disc replacement. The study aims to determine the accuracy of Caspar pin insertion by using a novel Adjustable Caspar Pin Aiming Device in anterior cervical procedures. Methods: Forty Caspar pins were placed using an Adjustable Caspar Pin Aiming Device in 20 human cadaveric cervical vertebral bodies from C3 to C7 after performing anterior discectomies. Accuracy of pin placement was assessed by lateral fluoroscopy, considering superior endplate slope (SE), inferior endplate slope (IE), Caspar pin slope (CP), and endplate-Caspar pin slope difference (SE/CP, IE/CP). Results: The mean superior endplate slope (SE), inferior endplate slope (IE), and Caspar pin slope (CP) were 10.82 ± 2.3°, 10.32 ± 3.2°, and 15.58 ± 7.9°, respectively. The average superior endplate-Caspar pin slope difference (SE/CP) and inferior endplate-Caspar pin slope difference (IE/CP) were 6.6 ± 0.8° and 7.7 ± 0.8°, respectively. The greatest slope difference was observed at the superior and inferior endplates of C3. No cervical endplate violations occurred. Conclusion: Adjustable Caspar Pin Aiming Device allowed for a highly accurate Caspar pin placement with the average endplate-Caspar pin slope difference of less than 7.7°. It results in accurate placement of the superior and inferior Caspar pins parallel to the index vertebral endplates. Furthermore, it appears to facilitate the safe and effective insertion of Caspar pins for anterior cervical procedures.