Evaluation of IgG4 and total IgG antibodies against cysticerci and peptide antigens for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis by ELISA

Abstract

To support the clinical diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis (NCC), we evaluated two peptides, HP6-3 and Ts45W-1, as well as crude saline extract (SE) of Tenia solium cysticerci as antigens for the detection of specific IgG4 subclass and total IgG antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sera of definitive diagnosed NCC patients, patients infected with other parasitoses and healthy controls were examined. The diagnostic sensitivity for IgG4 and total IgG detection of the ELISA against SE antigen was 100% and 64.3% with a high amount of cross-reactions to taeniasis saginata at 88.9% (8/9) and 100% (9/9), respectively. The SE-based IgG4-ELISA showed the highest specificity (80.9%). Both peptide-based IgG4-ELISAs provided a superior sensitivity (78.6%) to the total IgG tests whereas their specificity was 66.7% for HP6-3 and 69.8% for Ts45W-1 only. The SE-based ELISA for the detection of specific IgG4 antibody can be used for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis as well as for serological surveys of NCC endemic areas. The peptide-based IgG4 ELISAs potentially provide a reliable and cost effective alternative method independent from live parasite supply.